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Context Clues & Cause/Effect

Grade 3 · Stretch challenge · 8 questions · Version PG-FB7AU3-MU60

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1.Read: “Two teams tested paper airplanes. One changed the wing shape; the other changed both the wings and the paper weight, making its results harder to explain.” What does “variable” mean, and what caused the result?
2.Read: “Keiko read two reports about the same storm. One used measurements from weather stations; the other relied on a single person's memory.” What does “relied” mean, and what caused the result?
3.Read: “One article called the new park expensive, while another emphasized cleaner air and cooler streets. The budget showed high initial costs but lower maintenance expenses over time.” What does “initial” mean, and what caused the result?
4.Read: “Solar panels produced the most electricity at midday, but household use peaked after sunset. A battery stored the midday surplus for evening use.” What does “surplus” mean, and what caused the result?
5.Read: “A museum displayed a sailor's diary beside a modern historian's article. The diary captured firsthand feelings, while the article connected records from many sources.” What does “firsthand” mean, and what caused the result?
6.Read: “The council's first traffic plan shortened car trips but removed a busy crosswalk. After residents objected, the revision restored the crossing and added a protected turn lane.” What does “revision” mean, and what caused the result?
7.Read: “The town planted native grasses beside the river. Their deep roots held soil during storms, and the water became less muddy.” What does “native” mean, and what caused the result?
8.Read: “During drought, the farm watered every field equally and several crops wilted. The next season, soil sensors directed water only where moisture was low.” What does “directed” mean, and what caused the result?

Answers and teaching notes

Use the answers to check the work after the learner finishes. For writing prompts, the guide describes what a strong response should include.

Show answers for version 15
  1. Read: “Two teams tested paper airplanes. One changed the wing shape; the other changed both the wings and the paper weight, making its results harder to explain.” What does “variable” mean, and what caused the result?a factor that can change. Cause: The second team changed two factors.
  2. Read: “Keiko read two reports about the same storm. One used measurements from weather stations; the other relied on a single person's memory.” What does “relied” mean, and what caused the result?depended. Cause: The reports used different kinds of evidence.
  3. Read: “One article called the new park expensive, while another emphasized cleaner air and cooler streets. The budget showed high initial costs but lower maintenance expenses over time.” What does “initial” mean, and what caused the result?occurring at the beginning. Cause: The sources emphasized different costs and benefits.
  4. Read: “Solar panels produced the most electricity at midday, but household use peaked after sunset. A battery stored the midday surplus for evening use.” What does “surplus” mean, and what caused the result?an amount greater than what is needed. Cause: Electricity production and household use peaked at different times.
  5. Read: “A museum displayed a sailor's diary beside a modern historian's article. The diary captured firsthand feelings, while the article connected records from many sources.” What does “firsthand” mean, and what caused the result?experienced or recorded directly. Cause: The sources were created for different purposes and at different times.
  6. Read: “The council's first traffic plan shortened car trips but removed a busy crosswalk. After residents objected, the revision restored the crossing and added a protected turn lane.” What does “revision” mean, and what caused the result?a changed or improved version. Cause: Residents raised concerns about the removed crosswalk.
  7. Read: “The town planted native grasses beside the river. Their deep roots held soil during storms, and the water became less muddy.” What does “native” mean, and what caused the result?originating naturally in an area. Cause: Deep roots held the soil during storms.
  8. Read: “During drought, the farm watered every field equally and several crops wilted. The next season, soil sensors directed water only where moisture was low.” What does “directed” mean, and what caused the result?guided or sent. Cause: Soil sensors identified where moisture was low.

Worked example

Use nearby words to infer meaning, then connect the action that produced the result.

Common mistake

Using a familiar meaning that does not fit the sentence.

Helpful hint

Replace the word with your meaning and reread.